最近經(jīng)常有小伙伴私信詢問(wèn)求雅思閱讀真經(jīng)5 諾貝爾,冰箱和鳥(niǎo)的方向的答案 劍橋雅思5 test2中閱讀24~27題的解析,請(qǐng)大家?guī)蛶兔Π。。?!謝謝了!??!相關(guān)的問(wèn)題,今天,大學(xué)路小編整理了以下內(nèi)容,希望可以對(duì)大家有所幫助。
本文目錄一覽:
求雅思閱讀真經(jīng)5 諾貝爾,冰箱和鳥(niǎo)的方向的答案
洛陽(yáng)大華雅思提醒您,
雅思閱讀真經(jīng)5解析(第4季*)
Passage01 冰箱
Q: 請(qǐng)問(wèn)第一篇冰箱的發(fā)明的第2和3空怎么定位,我在原文找不到。。。
A: 第二第三題 對(duì)應(yīng)正文第四段最后一句話。
原文:and another made by physician JG, and developed vapor-compression refrigeration for the brewing and meatpacking industries.
題干:and commercial refrigeration was applied to as well as industries.
對(duì)應(yīng):for=applied to; and=as well as
定位詞:commercial refrigeration
Q: 還是冰箱那篇,為什么第5個(gè)空不能填alternatives?在原文中不是剛好接在比較級(jí)better后面嗎?
A: 第五題對(duì)應(yīng)正文第五段第三句話。
原文:engineers worked until the 1920s to come up with better alternatives, one of which was Freon.
題干:The safer took over it in 1920s.
對(duì)應(yīng):better=safer; come up with=took over
定位詞:1920s
請(qǐng)注意,填alternative不是最優(yōu)答案,最準(zhǔn)確的是氟利昂Freon
Passage02 阿爾弗雷德 諾貝爾
Q: 求問(wèn)第二篇第三題寫(xiě)highly explosive行不行?
第二篇第三提求解析 填的considered
A: 第三題對(duì)應(yīng)正文第三段倒數(shù)第三行:he also realised that the safety problems had to be solved
對(duì)應(yīng)原文譯文:阿爾弗雷德.諾貝爾對(duì)硝化甘油以及如何將它投入到建工領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行實(shí)用非常有興趣。同時(shí),他也意識(shí)到安全問(wèn)題的解決以及發(fā)展如何控制硝化甘油爆炸的方法的必要性。
難度較大,需要結(jié)合文意理解,因?yàn)楸ú皇?的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和問(wèn)題,如何安全控制*的爆炸時(shí)機(jī)才是問(wèn)題所在,所以答案選safety
Q: 看到了,那第五題呢 limited行不行
A: 第五題對(duì)應(yīng)正文第四段第四行
原文:...exceedingly dangerous. They forbade further experimentation with nitrolycerine within the Stockholm city limits and..
題干:Since the experiments were too dangerous and were within the city area by the government of the Stockholm city, ...
對(duì)應(yīng):exceedingly=too; 本題需將找到信息變換詞性,雖不常見(jiàn),但也在真題中出現(xiàn)過(guò) 另外有些同學(xué)誤填limited 請(qǐng)注意詞義間的卻別,禁止和限制不能等價(jià)替換。
定位詞:experiments; too dangerous
Passage04 塔斯馬尼亞虎
Q: they ran briskly and awkwardly when chased.這句話怎么理解?被追逐的時(shí)候又輕快又笨拙?
A: 袋狼的反應(yīng)不是很敏捷,看起來(lái)也懶洋洋的,就連追趕獵物的時(shí)候雖然不慢但也滿笨拙的。
Q: 還有第4篇塔斯馬尼亞虎的第2題,為什么是pouch,我看到了27頁(yè)最后一行有unlike other marsupials
A:第二題對(duì)應(yīng)正文第三段第九行
原文: The female Ta*anian tiger had a pouch with four teats but unlike other marsupials, the pouch opened at the back.
題干:Ta*anian tigers belong to marsupials that have a in common.
對(duì)應(yīng):
定位詞:
***請(qǐng)注意,題干中的that是定義marsupials=有袋目哺乳動(dòng)物的,那么答案就顯而易見(jiàn)了。顧名思義,它們應(yīng)該都有育兒袋。本題難點(diǎn)在于題干與原文采取了反義對(duì)應(yīng),unlike和in common,這需要同學(xué)們有一定的總結(jié)和對(duì)段落大意的把握能力。
Passage06 超市起源
Q: 第6個(gè)文章 Merchandise was displayed as single units each within a glass cabinet under which was a keyhole 怎么翻譯
A: 每個(gè)商品的單獨(dú)樣品被展示在一個(gè)玻璃柜里,柜子下邊有個(gè)鑰匙孔。
Q: 請(qǐng)問(wèn)助教真經(jīng)第6篇的第8個(gè)空 在那一句話啊
A: 第八題對(duì)應(yīng)四十一頁(yè)倒數(shù)第三段倒數(shù)第二行 in the labor needed to stock the shelves
Passage07 學(xué)術(shù)欺詐
Q: 助教 第七篇的第2個(gè)空 是不是accurate和concoctive同意轉(zhuǎn)換啊? 真5的p48,題目2,求解答。
A: 第二題對(duì)應(yīng)D段第二句話accurate是準(zhǔn)確的...concoctive是捏造的。
對(duì)應(yīng)原文that incorrect results cannot last indefinitely
Q: 請(qǐng)教一下,第七篇文章第四題,雖然我在原文看到了function,(P46倒數(shù)第二行),但是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)只知道function的名詞,題目中空格后面是usefully,所以覺(jué)得副詞前面應(yīng)該是動(dòng)詞,選擇了working。后來(lái)查了詞典,function有動(dòng)詞意思,是起作用,可是working也有起作用的意思?。?
A: 第四題填working和function都對(duì)
Passage08 涂鴉藝術(shù)
Q:T1 我知道polarized和dividing是同義替換,但是題目中的具體我理解不了啊。第一句話是說(shuō)“涂鴉是否包含藝術(shù)這一爭(zhēng)論區(qū)分了英國(guó)的確立制度?”
書(shū)P51第五段第一行的credit for=題目3前面的responsible for?
A: 涂鴉是不是藝術(shù)這個(gè)爭(zhēng)論讓英國(guó)的派別兩極分化;五十一頁(yè)理解正確
Q:ESSE passage8 第一和二題 不理解。找不到定位 對(duì)了答案也沒(méi)怎么明白
A: 第一二題請(qǐng)具體參照翻譯稿理解一下
Passage09 古錢(qián)
Q: 助教 請(qǐng)問(wèn)第九篇第十個(gè)空定位在那里啊
A: 第十題對(duì)應(yīng)五十七頁(yè)倒數(shù)第三行
Passage11 蘇聯(lián)工作制
Q:請(qǐng)教一下第11篇第6題能否填寫(xiě)benefit(P69頁(yè)F段第一行),雖然參考答案increase也很明顯,就是想問(wèn)一下……
A: 第六題 69頁(yè) benefit總感覺(jué)是使獲益的感覺(jué) 不是最優(yōu)選擇,勉強(qiáng)可以
Q: 助教 71頁(yè)第8題 為啥是worker啊求提示 求解答71頁(yè)第8題,我看了F段最后一句就填了family了
A: 第八題G段第七行,the workers hated it;注意,有些童鞋會(huì)誤填families
不是所有的家庭都會(huì)反對(duì)的,反對(duì)的是那些家里有雙職工的 又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)狗屁不通的工作制見(jiàn)不到面的家庭。所以反對(duì)的是大部分工人
Q: 此篇第9題如果表達(dá)為「caused failure of responsibility」可以嗎? 那個(gè)麻煩再問(wèn)一下第九題
A: 第九題 定位在70頁(yè)第一句話,unfamiliar=no longer consistently in the hands of people who knew how to tend them;failure=broken。如果選擇responsibility責(zé)任的失敗、損壞,文意不通。
Passage12 牛逼閃閃的土星
Q: 那第12篇的第7題呢? ①第七題答案的定位在哪里?我寫(xiě)的是swarm of satellites 找不到ice什么的啊。
A: 第七題對(duì)應(yīng)正文在第一段第二句話
Q:請(qǐng)教: ②第八題,不太能夠理解題干中所謂的「state」:Galile 是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)的,但是沒(méi)有statr,Christiaan也只是describe,Giovanni是announced,不太能夠理解到底怎樣才算state?
A: 第八題 第一個(gè)哥兒們腳著那個(gè)圈是衛(wèi)星神馬的 第二個(gè)哥們第一次發(fā)表聲明說(shuō)這個(gè)圈 是圈 我看到了 第三個(gè)哥們說(shuō) 我還發(fā)現(xiàn)是倆圈
Q: 助教 77頁(yè) 7和10題 在哪啊
A: 第十題答案請(qǐng)?jiān)贔light to Saturn 這部分中尋找
Passage14 哈欠
Q:91頁(yè)第三題
A:第三題打哈欠被認(rèn)為是種可使腦表面降溫的機(jī)制 而降溫了以后能不能更加清醒和高效 文章沒(méi)有涉及到啊 所以NG
Q: ESSE……那個(gè)91頁(yè)第四題,我覺(jué)得是NG啊,定位到89頁(yè)倒數(shù)第二段,文中說(shuō)看到別人打哈欠自己也打前面是It's well know,也沒(méi)說(shuō)是因?yàn)榭戳舜蚬返恼掌?
A:第四題你想多了,這話就是根據(jù)前邊那個(gè)圖片順下來(lái)的 就是指看到別人打哈欠的圖片。
Q:還有這篇的第七題……去哪兒定位的啊
A:第七題定位在九十頁(yè)17段(左邊最后一段),還有下一段的第一句。題干說(shuō)的是打哈欠的傳染效應(yīng)證明揭示了它在生理學(xué)上的作用...
Q:霸氣姐姐:請(qǐng)教第14篇第9題。不過(guò)不急,你先休息
A:第九題對(duì)應(yīng)著原文最后一段第一句“it is not that i don't think there is any ...it is contagious.”
倒不是說(shuō)我不同意打哈欠有社會(huì)學(xué)上的功能,因?yàn)閷?shí)際上哈欠確實(shí)會(huì)傳染,”ACG說(shuō)。
題干說(shuō)的是這個(gè)ACG完全不同意AGG的說(shuō)法,這構(gòu)成了直接反義,F(xiàn)的很明顯。
Passage15 巧克力簡(jiǎn)史
Q:97頁(yè)第2題,文中說(shuō)2000 years…even older. 題目是more than 3000 years. 為什么還能選對(duì)。題目的older不能夠表示就是三千年了吧,也可能不到三千年吧。求解答,謝謝。是不是還有別的地方判斷這個(gè)題目,我漏了什么?
A: 第二題請(qǐng)?jiān)偻驴?第一句說(shuō)的是很多歷史學(xué)家都說(shuō)巧克力大概有2000年的歷史,但是最近的調(diào)查顯示可能更長(zhǎng)。空一行第四行后邊,the earliest linguistic evidence of chocolate consumption stretches back three or even four millennia,是千年的意思;這里說(shuō)最早的證據(jù)要追溯回三千甚至四千年前,所以題干是對(duì)的
Q: 問(wèn)2,想確認(rèn)一下第5題,解題思路是不是因?yàn)殛P(guān)系性的駁斥所以選錯(cuò)。
A: 第五題巧克力只有富人能吃是因?yàn)樗a(chǎn)量小、很貴...有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的話大家不就都吃了。
Passage16 摩斯碼
Q: 102頁(yè),第三題,沒(méi)找到怎么判斷yes的,求解答。
A: 第三題第三段第四行,was an impractical machine requiring 26 wires...在那個(gè)時(shí)候已經(jīng)有倆德國(guó)人發(fā)明出五線的模型了,所以莫斯發(fā)誓要搞個(gè)單線的出來(lái)。
Q: 第五題,我答的yes,但答案是no,我判斷的是credited by franklin t. 就等于了franklin believedd. 原文中也提到morse….having created a dot and dash code.怎么這題是no呢。
A: 第五題題干說(shuō)的是FTP believed 這個(gè)點(diǎn)橫系統(tǒng)是morse搞出來(lái)的;文中說(shuō)的是FTP 把這個(gè)credit給了莫斯的助手。
Q:P102 7題 invented = filed for a patent?還是這個(gè)題是時(shí)間上的NG?
A:第七題 原文說(shuō)的是morse對(duì)印字電報(bào)提出專利申請(qǐng) 題干說(shuō)的是morse發(fā)明 這東西不好說(shuō)是不是morse 發(fā)明的...因?yàn)榍斑呎f(shuō)他從其他科學(xué)家那里獲得了很多信息和幫助。所以是NG
Q: 102的第八題是因?yàn)轭l率詞不同判斷錯(cuò)誤么,題目sometimes, 原文often?
A: 第八題 對(duì),就是因?yàn)閭€(gè)這!
Q:Morse code那篇,101頁(yè)倒數(shù)第十行The telegraph spread……那句怎么翻譯呀?感覺(jué)沒(méi)讀懂,所以第八題就錯(cuò)了
A:第八題電報(bào)在美國(guó)拓展開(kāi)來(lái)的速度遠(yuǎn)快于鐵路系統(tǒng),鐵路系統(tǒng)的路線經(jīng)常性地被電報(bào)跟隨。這題的考點(diǎn)是often和sometimes 程度不同
Passage17 火炬?zhèn)鬟f
Q:esse姐107頁(yè)的2為什么是NG
A:第二題題干說(shuō)的是:火炬?zhèn)鬟f是源于一種古希臘的為了供奉普羅米修斯而存在的一種儀式。
原文說(shuō)的是:雖然在一段涉及到普羅米修斯,二段涉及到古希臘儀式,但并未表明火炬?zhèn)鬟f是為了敬奉普羅米修斯而存在的。所以是NG
Q:請(qǐng)問(wèn)一下第六題。原文106頁(yè)有個(gè)revivied,難道不能說(shuō)明題目6么?還是因?yàn)閛pening celebration不等同于torch relay?
A: 第六題 實(shí)際上1928年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)就已經(jīng)有火炬?zhèn)鬟f這個(gè)儀式了 但是當(dāng)時(shí)還沒(méi)有正式把它劃歸到開(kāi)幕式的一部分
Q: 老師107頁(yè)7題well-known 在哪里找到對(duì)應(yīng)的呢?
A: 第七題 對(duì)應(yīng)E段最后一句話。 但本題略不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn) 我正在向劉洪波老師詢問(wèn)。后期更新中會(huì)解答。
Q: In the Mexico Olympiad in 1968,the Flame followed the route taken by Christopher Columbus 這句話是說(shuō)這個(gè)活動(dòng)在C這個(gè)城市舉行么?
A:不是,那個(gè)CC是哥倫布,那個(gè)航海家。圣火傳遞路線走的跟哥倫布一條路線。
Passage18 伏尼契手稿
Q:第一題 我選F.覺(jué)得題干說(shuō) a single word 太絕對(duì)了
A:第一題 伏尼契手稿迄今就是一個(gè)詞都沒(méi)破解出來(lái)
Q:p113第二題是不是因?yàn)樯倭藗€(gè)an alphabet所以是F
A:第二題是因?yàn)轭}干說(shuō)是用流行的語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)成的。與文意完全相反
Q:請(qǐng)問(wèn)P113 3題 zodiac=stars嗎 為什么感覺(jué)不是一個(gè)意思
A:第三題zodiac指的是黃道十二宮 如果你看過(guò)圣斗士的話 應(yīng)該知道十二宮是星宿的守護(hù)神??傊切窍嚓P(guān) 所以這題是對(duì)的另,對(duì)應(yīng)正文第三段 的astrological =stars
Q:第5題,對(duì)應(yīng)到原文不是說(shuō)some of the illustration show嗎,那應(yīng)該是有drawing啊?
A:第五題與110頁(yè)倒數(shù)第三行對(duì)應(yīng) it's 23 solid pages of text only 全是文字沒(méi)有圖;后邊的illustration指的是全手稿的圖示等等。
Q:113頁(yè),第7題
A: 第七題,這是JD忽悠魯?shù)婪蚨赖? 說(shuō)這書(shū)是RB寫(xiě)的,而且題干里不是還有說(shuō)書(shū)封面上有RB的簽名么,原文也沒(méi)有提到RB的簽名。
Q: 113頁(yè) 第11題,我找的對(duì)應(yīng)在原文112頁(yè)第一段最后一行, …copy of book that doesnt say anything,所以我判斷是have no meaning. 為什么答案是f. 原文中還說(shuō) doesnt tell us much
A: 第十一題原文說(shuō)的是拷貝理論不能幫助我們破譯它到底寫(xiě)的是啥;但是這讓我們想不通為啥會(huì)有人費(fèi)勁巴拉的做一本精美的拷貝,而原書(shū)卻啥意思也沒(méi)有。
Q:passage18最后一句話怎么翻譯?
A: 至此,這本不具名的手稿成為了一份令人刮目相看的市場(chǎng)靈藥,它的基本概念與理療家穿的衣服,瑜伽大師掛在墻上的能量圖,以及那些各個(gè)醫(yī)療行業(yè)的從業(yè)者從網(wǎng)上*來(lái)用以炫耀的“醫(yī)生”頭銜等等,都是一致的。
Passage19 悉尼邦代海灘
Q:還有119頁(yè)第二題
A:第二題 對(duì)應(yīng)116第一段,原因是引號(hào)里的:由于鯊魚(yú)和刺魟的威脅,以及不太端莊得體等等原因
Q: 老師~bondi beach這篇119頁(yè)第7和第8題。。。求解
A: 第七題digger是掘金者 bushman是住在叢林里的人,他們都是澳洲的文化符號(hào);原文的意思是,就像digger和bushman一樣,lifesaver成了澳洲的一種文化標(biāo)志
第八題對(duì)應(yīng)原文第14段 說(shuō)救生員救起了300人 但到底是不是因此無(wú)一人淹死 無(wú)法判斷 因此NG
Passage20 郁金香
Q:老師請(qǐng)問(wèn)第二十篇郁金香文章的第二題demanding到哪里去找對(duì)應(yīng)詞呀? 想問(wèn)一下郁金香…那個(gè)第二題…為什么是true呢…沒(méi)有找到關(guān)于對(duì)郁金香能夠很好適應(yīng)荷蘭嚴(yán)峻環(huán)境的研究呢…? northern European指的是荷蘭…?
A: 第二題對(duì)應(yīng)原文C段倒數(shù)第五行 that tulips could withstand the harsh northern climate;對(duì),前邊不是說(shuō)了在阿姆斯特丹開(kāi)始繁衍
Q: 求問(wèn)第20篇郁金香第三題為什么是F,難道是因?yàn)轭}中的advanced和文中的rudimentary是相反的意思嗎,除此之外還有別的判斷依據(jù)嗎?
A: 第三題,文中說(shuō)的是初級(jí)的派生出來(lái)的類似現(xiàn)今期貨市場(chǎng)的形式幫助了貨商 題干說(shuō)的是先進(jìn)的期貨市場(chǎng)
Q: 郁金香這篇講過(guò)沒(méi)? 問(wèn)第3和第6 那第幾六題Ng是因?yàn)闆](méi)有提到CEOs么…?
A: 第六題G段 第三四行 那個(gè)錢(qián)是當(dāng)年的郁金香期貨商人掙得,至于網(wǎng)絡(luò)泡沫的投機(jī)商能不能掙那么多沒(méi)說(shuō)。
Q:求問(wèn)125頁(yè)第7題 原文不是說(shuō)around the same time 題目是at the same time不一樣吧
A:第七題原文根本沒(méi)說(shuō)這兩個(gè)交易所成立的時(shí)間。
Q:請(qǐng)問(wèn)郁金香F段 houseflipper咋翻譯?
A:house flipper應(yīng)該是炒房產(chǎn)的人
Passage21 竹子的好處
Q:還有竹子那篇的第四題…文章只是說(shuō)hardwood導(dǎo)致了很多兒童由于肺炎死掉了…竹子更有效 有清潔…沒(méi)說(shuō)竹子能降低兒童死亡率…這種不應(yīng)該是NG么
A: 第四題硬木燃料→空氣污染→肺炎死100萬(wàn)→竹子比硬木好→用竹子替代硬木能降低死亡率
Q: 還有131頁(yè)第6題,原文說(shuō)like any plant it will grow more slowly with less water,為什么還是true?。?esse 請(qǐng)問(wèn)129頁(yè)最后一段第二句和第三句話怎么翻譯。。。看蒙了。。
A: 第六題對(duì)應(yīng)原文第八段中間 題干說(shuō)的是竹子的一個(gè)好處生長(zhǎng)時(shí)需要較少的水分,于文中的缺水長(zhǎng)得慢并不對(duì)應(yīng)...真正對(duì)應(yīng)在前半句話。
第八段對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯
Passage22 印度深井
Q:霸氣,22深井的那篇文章,137頁(yè)第4題,為什么選t?我選的ng,沒(méi)有找到原文出處
A: 第四題對(duì)應(yīng)第五段第六行 A basic difference...and to maintain and manage the well
Q:137頁(yè)第五題 我找到對(duì)應(yīng)135頁(yè)的左側(cè)第七行開(kāi)始 我選的t 因?yàn)槲矣X(jué)得我找到了三處對(duì)應(yīng) 我什么地方看漏了 如果題目變成indian stepwell became a social place as it was much cooler than outside especially in summer. 選對(duì)呢?
劍橋雅思5 test2中閱讀24~27題的解析,請(qǐng)大家?guī)蛶兔Π。。?!謝謝了!??!
由于這組題目是這篇文章的最后一組題目,我們可以初步斷定信息點(diǎn)應(yīng)該在文章的后半部分。
24,信息點(diǎn)是倒數(shù)第三段的第一行,“making a rapid emotional asses*ent of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain.” 其中,extremely demanding job for the brain=題目中的one of the brain's most difficult tasks;而making a rapid emotional asses*ent of the events=選項(xiàng)C respond instantly to whatever is happening.
所以24題選C;
25,信息點(diǎn)在倒數(shù)第二段的第二行,“but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language,respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts.” 這個(gè)句子的前半部分等于題干,而respond to their own thoughts=選項(xiàng)A react to their own thoughts.
所以25題選A
26,信息點(diǎn)是倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句,“Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends on a person's outlook(觀點(diǎn))” 這里的joke=題干中的humour,depends on約等于選項(xiàng)F中的relate to,a person's outlook=選項(xiàng)F中的a person's subjectiveig views.
所以26選F
27,信息點(diǎn)是最后一段第二行,Peter Derks說(shuō)的這段話, 從倒數(shù)第二行看起“If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, then we'll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general. ” 這句話的意思是說(shuō),如果我們能夠弄明白大腦產(chǎn)生幽默的過(guò)程,那么我們就能夠很好的掌握大腦總體上是如何運(yùn)作的。這句話的意思同選項(xiàng)D,也就是說(shuō)幽默能夠提供一些關(guān)于大腦運(yùn)作的有價(jià)值的信息。
所以27題選D
請(qǐng)問(wèn)2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young
您好,我是專注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢的小鐘老師。選擇留學(xué)是人生重要的決策之一,而作為您的指導(dǎo),我非常高興能為您提供最準(zhǔn)確的留學(xué)解答和規(guī)劃。無(wú)論您的問(wèn)題是關(guān)于考試準(zhǔn)備、專業(yè)選擇、申請(qǐng)流程還是學(xué)校信息,我都在這里為您解答。更多留學(xué)資訊和學(xué)校招生介紹,歡迎隨時(shí)訪問(wèn)。
對(duì)于雅思考生來(lái)說(shuō),劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難?下面就和小鐘老師一起來(lái)看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young。
Thomas Young
The Last True Know-It-All
A Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists) and substantial essays on "Bridge,” "Chromatics," "Egypt," "Languages" and "Tides". Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath, a genius or a dilettante? In an ambitious new biography, Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph "the last man who knew everything." Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.
B Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper, Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that, to account for the ability to see in color, there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three "principal colors" to which the retina could respond: red, green, violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct.
C Later in his life, when he was in his forties, Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone, a tablet that was "found" in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets: Greek, something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and, as Young deduced, is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.
D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England, Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather, eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two, and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin, Greek, mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school, he was greatly encouraged by his mother's uncle, Richard Brocklesby, a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London, following the medical circuit, and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh, Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808, Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George's Hospital.
E Young's skill as a physician, however, did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society, a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica, and throughout his career he authored numerous books, essays and papers.
F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect, but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson's aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young's work and life. He succeeds, providing clear expositions of the technical material (especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs). Some readers of this book will, like Robinson, find Young's accomplishments impressive; others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book, readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society, attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman. However, his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.
G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804, and according to Robinson, "their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work." Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young's relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them, or anyone else, with shaping Young's extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young's relationships, however, anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people.
2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica.
3 Like others, Young wasn't so brilliant when grew up.
4 Young's talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills.
5 Young's advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues.
6 Young was interested in various social pastimes.
7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years.
Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica?
9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper?
10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages?
11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies?
12 Where did Young get a teaching position?
13 What contribution did Young make to London?
文章題目:
Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All
托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無(wú)所不知的人
篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
體裁人物傳記
題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無(wú)所不知的人
結(jié)構(gòu)A段:托馬斯·楊對(duì)百科全書(shū)的主要成就
B段:托馬斯年輕時(shí)的主要成就
C段:托馬斯晚年的主要成就
D段:托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷
E段:托馬斯作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就
F段: 托馬斯在其他領(lǐng)域的成就
G段:托馬斯的感情生活
試題分析
Question 1-7
題目類型:True / false /not given
題號(hào)定位詞文中對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)題目解析
1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者,他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標(biāo)題,分別是Leonard Warren寫(xiě)的關(guān)于Joseph Leidy的傳記,以及 Paula Findlen's寫(xiě)的關(guān)于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
2all, articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠(yuǎn)不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書(shū)的詞條,因此并不是所有的都在百科全書(shū)。而在本段第二句中,作者指出,Young在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì),并在一年后成為該學(xué)會(huì)的會(huì)員: He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然,題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就,即Young長(zhǎng)大后的成就。此外,在C段最后一句中,作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點(diǎn)在于,Young并沒(méi)有像其他那些年少成名而后來(lái)江郎才盡的孩子一樣,他后來(lái)同樣取得了非凡的成就: These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞,顯然題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長(zhǎng)背景和經(jīng)歷,同時(shí)體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Y(jié)oung決定學(xué)醫(yī),并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出,學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子: He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術(shù)師。但是并未指出Young在哪個(gè)方面的造詣更高,更有天賦。Surpassing這個(gè)概念并沒(méi)有在文中體現(xiàn)。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”,文中表明Young的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國(guó)家事務(wù)。題干與原文含義相同。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
6Interested in, social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出,通過(guò)Young的醫(yī)學(xué)演講中亂寫(xiě)的希臘字母和拉丁短語(yǔ)以及將一位年輕女性寫(xiě)在涼亭上的詩(shī)歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然,Young對(duì)于這樣的社交娛樂(lè)是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
7disease, later yearsC段第一句,G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life,”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學(xué)術(shù)方面的成就;G段給出了Young的婚后生活,以及Robinson在書(shū)中并未提及Young與父母間的關(guān)系。但無(wú)論哪一個(gè)點(diǎn)都沒(méi)有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
題目類型:Short-answer question
8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists)…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指?jìng)饔浽~條,與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。
因此,本題答案為46
9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper, on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances, Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明,Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出,在這篇論文中,Young主要討論了人類眼球的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制
因此,本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation
10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出,Young創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語(yǔ) Indo-European來(lái)描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語(yǔ)言。
因此,本題答案為Indo-European
11inspire, medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時(shí)期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出:“Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然,正是因?yàn)?Richard Brocklesby的引導(dǎo),Young才決定在醫(yī)學(xué)方面有所建樹(shù)。
因此,本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby
12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”,題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”,該句明確指出,Young作為自然哲學(xué)的教授,受聘于英國(guó)科學(xué)研究所。
因此,本題答案為 Royal Institution
13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個(gè)成就,其對(duì)于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。
因此,本題答案為gas lighting
A我們?cè)撛鯓永斫馔旭R斯·楊(1773-1829)?他是《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》中63篇文章的作者,其中包括46篇傳記(大部分都是關(guān)于科學(xué)家和古典學(xué)者),和大量關(guān)于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語(yǔ)吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個(gè)能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣多有權(quán)威性文章的人應(yīng)該算是一個(gè)博學(xué)者? 一個(gè)天才?還是一個(gè)業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢?在一篇關(guān)于他的比較激進(jìn)的傳記中,Andrew Robinson 認(rèn)為托馬斯楊是-位強(qiáng)有力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個(gè)知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng):因?yàn)檫@樣的傳記標(biāo)題Robinson不僅給了他,也作為副標(biāo)題給了有關(guān)另兩位學(xué)者的傳記:Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學(xué)家Joseph Leipy的一生》(1823-1891)以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關(guān)于另一位博學(xué)者Athanasius Kircher(1602-1680)的傳記。
B當(dāng)然楊的貢獻(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)不止寫(xiě)了很多百科全書(shū)上的文章,他在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì),并在他的21歲生日后被評(píng)為一周科學(xué)人物,楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類眼睛的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制一一關(guān)于眼睛如何通過(guò)不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中,他更加全面地探討了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,類似牛頓,他在自己身上進(jìn)行了可怕的實(shí)驗(yàn)用以獲得相關(guān)的證據(jù),他還得出這樣的理論:光是通過(guò)“以太”分子的振動(dòng),以波的形式進(jìn)行傳遞的,而“以太”是一種假想物質(zhì),其存在還存在爭(zhēng)議性。他還認(rèn)為為了能看見(jiàn)顏色,必須要有3個(gè)感應(yīng)器對(duì)“三原色”進(jìn)行感應(yīng),而這三種視網(wǎng)膜對(duì)其產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)的顏色就是紅,黃,藍(lán)二種顏色。
C在他人生的晚些時(shí)候,也就是40多歲的時(shí)候,楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼,這個(gè)石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的,并且從1802年起就在英國(guó)博物館進(jìn)行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母:希臘語(yǔ),不可辨識(shí)的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識(shí)的文字現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的,是和象形文字直接相關(guān)的。他最初有關(guān)這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》中編纂的詞條。在另一個(gè)條目中,他創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語(yǔ)“Indo-European”來(lái)描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語(yǔ)言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學(xué)天賦并且不像很多孩子后來(lái)江郎才盡的科學(xué)家獲得的里程碑式的成就。
D托馬斯·楊出生在英國(guó)薩默塞特郡一個(gè)虔誠(chéng)的教友會(huì)教徒家庭,從小和他的外公一起長(zhǎng)大,最后去了寄宿學(xué)校。他兩歲的時(shí)候就博覽群書(shū),并且自學(xué)熟練掌握了拉丁語(yǔ),希臘語(yǔ),數(shù)學(xué)以及哲學(xué),在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵(lì),他的舅舅也是英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)的一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)下,楊決定要在醫(yī)學(xué)方而有所建樹(shù),他曾先后在倫敦大學(xué)、愛(ài)丁堡大學(xué)和格丁根大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué),多虧了Brocklesby的引薦,楊進(jìn)入了英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì),他最后也打破了從小在教友會(huì)的教育,他參加戲劇演出,學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子,此外,他還是一位杰出的馬術(shù)師。在1808年結(jié)束在劍橋大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)后,楊在倫敦開(kāi)了一家診所,很快他就成為皇家內(nèi)科醫(yī)生學(xué)會(huì)的一員,并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。
E楊作為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)卻趕不上他作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者或是語(yǔ)言學(xué)家取得的成就,早在1801年,他已經(jīng)被任命為英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)的教授,他每年要在那里舉辦60場(chǎng)的講座。這些講座在1807年以兩本書(shū)的形式進(jìn)行出版。1804年楊就已經(jīng)成為英國(guó)朵家學(xué)會(huì)的秘書(shū),而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國(guó)家事務(wù),比如說(shuō)在倫敦引進(jìn)煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起,他就是航海天文年歷的主要負(fù)責(zé)人,也是Board of Longitude的秘書(shū)。從1824年到1829年,他擔(dān)任Palladian 保險(xiǎn)公司的精算師和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間,他為《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》編纂了許多詞條,而且窮其一生著作,論文無(wú)數(shù)。
F我們通過(guò)楊在醫(yī)學(xué)課上胡亂寫(xiě)的希臘字母和拉丁文短語(yǔ)以及他將一位年輕的女士寫(xiě)在避暑山莊墻上的詩(shī)句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默,但是他的個(gè)人生活也因?yàn)樽约簩?duì)工作和研究的全情投入而略顯蒼白。
G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結(jié)婚,據(jù)Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的,因?yàn)樗姆蛉诵蕾p他的工作”。我們對(duì)于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關(guān)于眼睛的理論方面爭(zhēng)議的時(shí)候總是堅(jiān)定地支持他,并且當(dāng)他的醫(yī)學(xué)生涯開(kāi)始慢慢起飛的時(shí)候,她開(kāi)始有些擔(dān)心錢(qián)的問(wèn)題。值得一提的是,楊沒(méi)有被保護(hù)的人,他都是和自己的導(dǎo)師進(jìn)行互動(dòng)一一先是他的外公,后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過(guò)失的一些偉人(其中很多是很著名的如牛頓,楊最早在17歲讀了他寫(xiě)的書(shū))。但是關(guān)于楊和他母親以及父親的關(guān)系的記述卻鮮力人知,Robinson在說(shuō)到楊的非凡的頭腦時(shí)也并沒(méi)有將其歸功于他的父母,或許很難有這樣的巧合:過(guò)去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。
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