【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人 2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析

今天大學路小編為大家?guī)砹恕狙潘奸喿x翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人 2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析，希望能幫助到大家，一起來看看吧！

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、請問2023年6月17日雅思閱讀真題與答案
• 2、【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人
• 3、2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析

請問2023年6月17日雅思閱讀真題與答案

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。選擇留學是人生重要的決策之一，而作為您的指導，我非常高興能為您提供最準確的留學解答和規(guī)劃。無論您的問題是關于考試準備、專業(yè)選擇、申請流程還是學校信息，我都在這里為您解答。更多留學資訊和學校招生介紹，歡迎隨時訪問。
在雅思考試中，閱讀考試是很容易拿到高分的， 在訓練雅思閱讀的時候可以拿出雅思近期的真題來訓練，小鐘老師分享了2023年6月17日雅思閱讀真題與答案。
一、2023年6月17日雅思閱讀真題與答案
Passage 1
主題：訓練動物的語言
參考答案：
Passage 2
主題：錢幣歷史
參考答案：
15-18 選擇
15. 選silver ingots
16. 選it is difficult to obtain
17. 選it was evaluated higher price
18. 選the chief of a tribe
19. 選pour molten iron into sand mould
20-27 匹配
20. 配Tantrum
21. 配Oban＇s
22. 配Penny
23. 配Cross
24. 配Babylon
25. 配Japanese money tree
26. 配dog teeth
27. 配whale tooth
Passage 3
主題：Elephant communication
參考答案：
28-38 填空
28. hammer
29. body
30. pad
31. cavities
32. trunks and feet
33. infrasonic
34. ecology
35. sei*ic messages
36. acoustic communication
37. mate
38. ground
39-40 單選
39. A
40. C
二、雅思閱讀考試形式
雅思閱讀考試分學術類和培訓類兩種，分別針對申請留學的學生和計劃在英語語言國家參加工作或移民的人士。三篇文章40道題目總共用時60分鐘，包括將答案謄寫到答題卡上的時間。
學術類閱讀考試形式：IELTS考試閱讀（學術類）部分共有三篇文章，考生需要回答40道題目。每一篇文章所需要回答的問題數(shù)量并不相同。每一道問題相對應一個分數(shù)。文章內(nèi)容和題目均出現(xiàn)于問卷中。
培訓類閱讀考試形式：IELTS 考試閱讀（培訓類）部分共有三部分，文章難度由淺至深，考生需要回答40道題目。第一部分有14道題目，通常包含2到3篇短文或者若干段文字（如廣告 等）。第二和第三部分分別有13道題目。第二部分通常有2篇文章，第三部分則為一段較長的文章。文章內(nèi)容和題目均出現(xiàn)于問卷中。
三、雅思閱讀文章類型
1. 關于歐洲及世界社會發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟狀況，科學動向以及文化交流的文章
自1995年雅思考試的題型做出重大改革以后，有兩條原則就被命題的劍橋大學考試委員會（UCLES）反復強調(diào)非專業(yè)原則和國際化原則。為了使 不同地域，不同政治經(jīng)濟體制，不同膚色，不同文化背景的人能平等且毫無理解困難地參與雅思，法律及專業(yè)性較強的醫(yī)學，生物學，哲學，文學，藝術等的文章已 經(jīng)不再作為雅思的考查范圍。
就可能涉獵的文章類型而言，以下幾個方面的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常作為考點出現(xiàn)：
世界范圍的就業(yè)狀況。
語言學，考古學，生物學，簡單醫(yī)學（單詞量不會影響對文章的理解）。
世界范圍內(nèi)的教育狀況，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的問題，機遇及挑戰(zhàn)（糧食，能源）。
女權注意及女性歧視問題。
環(huán)境保護（海洋，生物，陸地，森林等）及環(huán)境污染（化學，石油泄漏等）。
種族，民族問題。
人*炸及居住問題，城市化及相關問題（交通擁擠，設施缺乏，噪聲等）。
2. 關于地球，自然界的科學現(xiàn)象及地理現(xiàn)象的文章
這種文章類型在I中最為普遍，其涵蓋面之廣無從細分，但就最近一年以來考試文章分析，主要還是以下幾種類型：
太空，宇宙概況，以及外星生物探討等。
全球氣候變暖，厄爾尼諾，洋流異常，臭氧層破壞。
地球災難，火山爆發(fā)，地震，彗星撞地球，森林大火，生物滅絕。
3. 人類歷史發(fā)展中重要事件，重要人物及重要標志性產(chǎn)品。
這也是雅思中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一種重要的文章類型，但自1998年開始對重要人物的考查總是和重要事件交織在一起，不再單獨羅列。人類歷史上的重大發(fā)明和表明人類文明輝煌成就的重大事件也是重點考查內(nèi)容（發(fā)明電視，電影，計算機及登陸月球）。
雅思閱讀長難句歸類
加復雜修飾的簡單句
例：At various points in evolutionary history， enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land， sometimes even to the most parched（炎熱的，干旱的） deserts， taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular（細胞的） fluids. （劍9 Test 1 Passage 3）。
并列句
如果句子包含兩個或更多互不依從的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，就是并列句。并列句中的分句通常用一個并列連詞來連接，最常見的并列連詞有and， or 和but。
例：An alien civilisation could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy（星系）， but many of these either require too much energy， or else are severely attenuated （衰減的）while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy.（劍9 Test 1 Passage 2）。
各種從句
從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分，就像一個句子一樣。從句可以分為：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、定語從句和狀語從句6類。前四類從句在句子的功用相當于名詞，所以通稱名詞性從句；定語從句功能相當于形容詞，稱為形容詞性從句；而狀語從句功能相當于副詞，稱為副詞性從句。
例：Second， we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us， since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form， quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. （劍9 Test 1 Passage 2）。

以上信息希望能幫助您在留學申請的道路上少走彎路。如果您還有更多問題或需要深入探討，不要猶豫，您可以在我們的留學官方網(wǎng)站上找到更豐富的考試資訊、留學指導和*專家咨詢服務。我們的團隊始終站在您的角度，為您的留學夢想全力以赴。祝您申請順利！

【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27–40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.

最近的一系列研究表明，盲人可以理解用輪廓線和透視圖表示的物體排列及空中的其他表面。但是圖片表達的意思更勝于文字表述。當我研究的一位盲人女性自發(fā)地劃出一個正在滾動的車輪時，這個現(xiàn)象極大地吸引了我的注意。為了展示車輪的運動，她在圓的中心畫了一條曲線。我被嚇了一跳。表示運動的線，例如她剛畫的這條，是插圖史上最近才有的發(fā)明。事實上，正如藝術學者David Kunzle所說，引領了19世紀潮流的卡通畫家Wilhelm Busch直到1877年之前都沒有在他最流行的人物形象中使用動態(tài)線條。

When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s?spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicator than, say, broken or wavy lines – or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion.

當我要求其他接受研究的盲人畫一個滾動的輪子時，一種很聰明的畫法反復出現(xiàn)了：一些盲人把車輪的輻條畫成了曲線。當被問到這些曲線時，他們都說這是一種表示運動的比喻手法。多數(shù)人規(guī)則，會認為，這種方式可以很好地表示運動。但是對于這種現(xiàn)象。會不會有種更好的表示方法，例如虛線和波浪線，或其他形式的線呢？答案還不明確。所以我決定測試各種表示運動的線條分別適合表示哪種運動，或者也許它們只是一些特殊符號。而且，我想要發(fā)現(xiàn)盲人和普通人眼中表示運動的線條有沒有什么區(qū)別。

To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraduates from the University of Toronto.

為了找出答案，我用凸起的線條畫出了五個輪子，分別把輻條畫成了曲線、折線、波浪線、虛線和伸出車輪的線。接著，我請18位盲人志愿者觸摸輪子，并請他們把每個輪子對應在以下運動中：搖晃、迅速轉(zhuǎn)動、穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)動、顛簸或剎車。我的對照組由18多倫多大學的普通大學生組成。

All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly.

除了其中一人，所有的盲人都把不同的運動與輪子相對應了。大部分人猜測曲線輻條表示輪子在平穩(wěn)轉(zhuǎn)動，波浪輻條表示車輪在搖晃，折線車輪表示車子受到顛簸。受試者猜測，輻條伸出車輪邊緣表示輪子處于剎車狀態(tài)，而虛線表示輪子在快速轉(zhuǎn)動。

In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.

另外，普通人喜愛的表達與盲人喜愛的表達基本一致。而且普通人之間的共識度并不比盲人高。因為盲人對運動裝置并不熟悉，所以我給他們的任務中也包括解決一些問題。但是，很明顯，盲人不僅搞明白了線條運動的意義，而且作為一個團隊，他們達成共識的普遍頻率也不比普通人低。

We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart – choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symboli* behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning. We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard?

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，盲人也能理解其他種類的視覺符號。一個盲人女性在一個心形中間畫了一個小孩——她說，選擇這個符號，是為了表示孩子被愛包圍。于是我和一個中國博士生劉長虹開始研究：盲人對于心形這樣不直接表達含義的符號背后的意義，到底理解到了什么樣的程度。我們給了普通人20對單詞，并要求他們在每一對單詞中選擇一個代表圓圈的和一個代表方框的。比方說，我們問：哪個表示柔軟呢？圓圈還是方框？哪個又表示堅硬？

All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig. 2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and?‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a *all majority of sighted subjects – 53% – had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.

所有的受試者都認為圓形表示柔軟而方塊表示堅硬。94%的人認為開心與圓形對應，而不是悲傷。也有一些詞組出現(xiàn)了不同的意見：79%的人在快-慢和強-弱對比上意見分別一致。而只有51%的人認為圓形表示深，方形表示淺。當我們用完全一樣的列表測試四個完全看不到的盲人時，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的選擇與普通人的選擇非常相似。有個先天失明的人做得特別好。他只有一次連線與之前的移至答案不同，那就是把“遠”與方聯(lián)系起來，把近和圓聯(lián)系起來。事實上，只有剛剛53%的普通人在遠近上給出了相反的答案。因此，我們可以得出結(jié)論：盲人可以像普通人一樣理解抽象圖案的意義。

2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學夢想的路上，選擇合適的學校和專業(yè)，準備相關考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗的留學顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導。歡迎隨時提問！
雅思考試是重要的考試之一，那么雅思真題是怎么樣呢?不少人對此比較感興趣，和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析!歡迎閱讀。
2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析
此次考試，第一篇和第三篇難度較小，第二篇難度較大，比較耗時。
Passage 1
題目
石油
話題分類
社會科學
題型及對應數(shù)量
T/F/NG（判斷題）7
Short Answer Questions（填空題）6
內(nèi)容回憶
文章大意：城市擴張能源緊缺，需要尋找新能源替代傳統(tǒng)能源，有人對此進行了研究，并投資建立了公司。
答案：
1-7）判斷
1.城市擴張需要這種石油去取代傳統(tǒng)能源True
2.提取這種石油成分的科學家對于生產(chǎn)這種能源沒有興趣。False
3.很多人聲稱提取出來的成分是可以用來治療疾病的。NG
4.研究人是相信這種成分是可以作為燃料來使用的。TRUE
5.In the 1985s,裝這種石油的容器比這種石油本身要貴。TRUE
6.FALSE
7.第一條管道的建立收到了工人的*。TRUE

8-13）問答
8.創(chuàng)建的公司叫什么名字。standard oil
9.oil refiners
10.一個人從亞洲運回的除了油還有什么東西。sugar
11.運輸用的紅的桶使用什么材料制成的。Welsh tin
12.為什么做慈善，因為得了 關節(jié)炎
13.在什么領域進行了投資：Medical research
參考閱讀

Passage 2
題目
Yawning打哈欠
話題分類
人文科學
題型及數(shù)量
段落信息匹配5
細節(jié)信息匹配 4
Summary（填空題）4
內(nèi)容回憶
文章大意：對于打哈欠的研究
答案回憶：
14-18）Matching
14.C imagining leads to yawning
15.D occupation and inclination to yawning
16.A overview of research
17.B body temperature and yawning
18.B disapprove of a theory

19-22) Matching
有三個學校進行了研究，將三個學校跟四個研究成果進行配對
19.B not difference in gender
20.C mental disorder
21.A the way we breathe
22.B trained yawn more than the untrained

23-26)Summary
23.bond
24.danger
25.rest
26.acommunicationsystem

文章：
AWhen a scientist began to study yawning in the 1980s, it was difficult to convince some of his research students of the merits of“yawning science.”Although it may appear quirky (詭異) his decision to study yawning was a logical extension to human beings ofmy research in developmental neuroscience, reported in such papers as“Wing-flapping during Development and Evolution.” As a neurobehavioral problem, there is not much difference betweenthe wing-flapping of birds and the face- and body-flapping of human yawners.

BYawning is an ancient, primitive act. Humans do it even before they are born, opening wide in the womb (*) . Some snakes unhinge their jaws to do it. One species of penguins yawns as part of mating. Only now are researchers beginning to understand why weyawn, when we yawn and why we yawn back. A professor of cognitive neuroscience at Drexel University in Philadelphia, Steven Platek, studies the act of contagious yawning, something done only by people and other primates.

CIn his first experiment, he used a psychological test to rank people on their empathic (感情嵌入的) feelings. He found that participants who did not score high on compassion did not yawn back.“We literally had people saying,‘Why am I looking at people yawning?” Professor Platek said. “It just had no effect.”

DFor his second experiment, he put 10 students in an magnetic resonance imaging machine as they watched video tapes of people yawning. When the students watched the videos, the part of the brain which reacted was the part scientists believe controls empathy–the posterior cingulate (皮層的) , in the brain’s middle rear.”I don’t know if it’s necessarily that nice people yawn more, but 1 think it’s a good indicator of a state of mind,”said Professor Platek.“It’s also a good indicator if you’re empathizing with me and paying attention.”

EHis third experiment is studying yawning in those with brain disorders, such as auti* and schizophrenia, in which victims have difficulty connecting emotionally with others. A psychology professor at the University of Maryland, Robert Provine, is one of the few other researchers into yawning. He found the basic yawn lasts about six seconds and they come in bouts with an interval of about 68 seconds. Men and women yawn or half-yawn equally often, but men are significantly less likely to cover their mouths which may indicate complex distinction in genders.”A watched yawner never yawns，,”Professor Provine said. However, the physical root of yawning remains a mystery. Some researchers say it’s coordinated within the hypothalamus (下丘腦) of the brain, the area that also controls breathing.

FYawning and stretching also share properties and may be performed together as parts of a global motor complex. But they do not always co-occur—people usually yawn when we stretch, but we don’t always stretch when we yawn, especially before bedtime. Studiesby J. I. P , G. H. A. Visser and H. F. Prechtl in the early 1980s, charting movement in the developing fetus using ultrasound, observed not just yawning but a link between yawning and stretching as early as the end of the first prenatal trimester (預產(chǎn)期）.

GThe most extraordinary demonstration of the yawn-stretch linkage occurs in many people paralyzed on one side of their body because of brain damage caused by a stroke. The prominent British neurologist Sir Francis Walshe noted in 1923 that when these hemiplegics yawn, they are startled and mystified to observe that their otherwise paralyzed arm rises and flexes automatically in what neurologists term an“associated response.” Yawning apparently activates. undamaged, unconsciously controlled connections between the brain and the cord motor system innervating the paralyzed (癱瘓的) limb. It is not known whether the associated response is a positive prognosis for recovery, nor whether yawning is therapeutic for reinnervation(再生) or prevention of muscular atrophy.

HClinical neurology offers other surprises. Some patients with“l(fā)ocked-in” syndrome, who are almost totally deprived of the ability to move voluntarily, can yawn normally. The neural circuits for spontaneous yawning must exist in the brain stem near other respiratory and vasomotor centers, because yawning is performed by anencephalic(無腦畸形) who possess only the medulla oblongata (脊髓延髓). The multiplicity of stimuli of contagious yawning, by contrast, implicates many higher brain regions.

參考閱讀

Passage 3
題目
Cinematographer新西蘭電影
話題分類
人文科學
題型及數(shù)量
Y/N/NG（判斷題）4
Multiple Choices（選擇題）5
Summary（填空題）5
內(nèi)容回憶
文章大意：介紹了新西蘭的電影業(yè)，一開始文章提到了大家不了解電影攝影師的重要性也不了解攝影師和導演之間的關系。文章介紹了一名攝影師，這個攝影師在藝術和技術方面都很優(yōu)秀，與優(yōu)秀的女演員合作，兩個人創(chuàng)造了很多經(jīng)典的銀幕形象。文章介紹了新西蘭電影的發(fā)展以及對其的一些評價。
答案回憶：
27-30）判斷題
27.cinematographer作用是幫助觀眾把關注點放在導演希望他們注意的點上。YES
28.cinematographer和director關系差NG
29.電影攝影師需要藝術和技術方面的能力。YES
30.兩個人（一個攝影師一個女演員）工作時關系差。NG

31-36)選擇題
31.文章講新西蘭電影是為想要說明什么：說明新西蘭早期電影比較簡單，跟其他國家比，較差。
32.講的一部新西蘭電影（兩個單詞開頭都是B）這個電影跟新西蘭其他電影相比取得了突破，比較成功。
33.還是說這部新西蘭電影，說攝影師用了什么拍攝手法：用比較個人的風格展示了一個國家，城市和人民
34.講問一個導演的第二部電影，（攝影師換了，換成了新人，手法比較寫實，跟上一部不一樣），選的是這部電影有unique version.
35.講的還是這個導演第三部電影，問作者覺得他這部電影不好在哪里：故事線過于松散story line(loose).

36-40) Summary（選詞填空）
36.文章講了70年代電影關注countryside，選項rural areas
37.文章講難度在environment， 選項：weather
38.講解決問題的：rental company
39.還有一個問題是通過解決，文章說management，選項是：good leadership
40.最后一個是新西蘭電影從業(yè)者與世界其他地方比的優(yōu)勢：文章說大家一起合作。選項是greater equality
以上是小編精心整理的2023年1月13日雅思真題回憶解析，謝謝瀏覽。

希望以上的答復能對您的留學申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細的問題或需要進一步的協(xié)助，我強烈推薦您訪問我們的留學官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學考試規(guī)劃和留學資料以及*的咨詢服務。祝您留學申請順利！

以上就是大學路整理的【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人 2023年1月13日雅思閱讀真題回憶解析相關內(nèi)容，想要了解更多信息，敬請查閱大學路。