SAT考試寫作主旨中的美式價(jià)值觀文法介紹

所謂proposition主旨題，顧名思義，就是考察文章段落或全篇內(nèi)容的主旨大意的題目。大學(xué)路小編給大家?guī)砹薙AT考試寫作主旨中的美式價(jià)值觀文法介紹相關(guān)文章，一起來看一下吧。

OG中(P136)將proposition做了如下定義：

Proposition questions require you to think about the “big ideas” in the passage and how they can be refined to better clarify and structure the writer’s message.

主旨題的提問形式主要有以下幾種：

Which choice most effectively establishes the central claim of the passage?

Which sentence most effectively establishes the main topic of the paragraph?

在做此類題目的時(shí)候，我們需要注意的是以下幾點(diǎn)信息：

Thesis statement expresses the main idea of the overall passage.

Topic sentences are used to help structure and clarify the focus of the paragraphs. (常規(guī)段落分論點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在段首或段末，非常規(guī)段分論點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在段中。)

Claims and counterclaims are features specific to arguments.

新SAT文法部分的文章，僅就文本而言(遣詞造句，修辭手法甚至標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào))，經(jīng)過了深思熟慮，精心布局，字斟句酌，其傳達(dá)的理念也是我們需要去把握的，本文將從題目中(文章體裁以argumentative, informative , narrative為例)對(duì)新SAT想傳達(dá)的美式價(jià)值觀進(jìn)行一個(gè)簡要的分析。

Argument

Passage typeStyle

ArgumentativePresents opinions and facts, includes *ysis of evidence, can include more forceful language

KH：Judithe Hernandez and the Chicana Artistic Voice

Judithe Hernandez’s art career began in Los Angeles during the socially and politically turbulent 1960s. While enrolled as a graduate student at the Otis Art Institute in Los Angeles, Hernandez met fellow student Carlos Almaraz, one of the founding members of the Chicano artist collective known as “Los Four.” At Almarez’s request, Hernandez joined “Los Four” as its fifth, and only female, member. Hernandez became well known for her work with this revolutionary group of artists, who are credited with establishing Chicano art as its own distinctive school of (US) American art. 3 Less known but equally important, however, is the role Hernandez played in providing a female voice within what was at that time a predominantly male Chicano art movement.

Question 3

Which choice most effectively establishes the central claim of the passage?

(A)NO CHANGE

(B)The Chicano Movement, also known as “EI Movimiento,” began in the 1940s with the explicit goat of empowering Mexican-Americans.

(C)Judithe Hernandez was born to progressive Mexican-American in Los Angeles that encouraged her involvement in the arts from any early age.

(D)In the 1960s, Chicano art was often displayed as public murals intended to create the dialogue about the issues faced by Mexican- Americans.

正確選項(xiàng)：A

美國大學(xué)理事會(huì)主席科爾曼在接受媒體采訪時(shí)給出的篇目：一類是美國立國的法律文獻(xiàn)，如《獨(dú)立宣言》、《美國憲法》及其修正案;一類是美國開國先賢們關(guān)于美利堅(jiān)合眾國國家體制、*架構(gòu)、聯(lián)邦與成員國(州)權(quán)力分配、人的基本權(quán)利等的討論文章，再有就是涉及美國歷史進(jìn)程中最為重大時(shí)間的一些文獻(xiàn)，如《葛底斯堡演說》(涉及南北戰(zhàn)爭)、《四項(xiàng)宣言》(涉及男女平等，婦女解放等)、《寄自伯明翰監(jiān)獄的信》(涉及種族平等、公民權(quán)力等)。同學(xué)們?cè)谶M(jìn)行課外閱讀的時(shí)候，可以多關(guān)注此類文章。

Informative

Passage typeStyle

InformativePresents facts but not opinions, avoids casual language, often includes definitions

KH：The Battle Against White Nose Syndrome

6 There is federal funding available to support research on WNS. With grants already in excess of $ 17.4 million, scientists are conducting epidemiological research in order to determine the most effective agents to combat the disease.

Question 6

Which choice most effectively establishes the main topic of the paragraph?

A)NO CHANGE

B)In order to prevent the further spread of WNS, bat hibernation sites have been closed off to human activity other than scientific research.

C)Work by numerous government and nonprofit agencies and the cooperation of ordinary citizens have been critical in efforts to prevent further decimation of bat populations by WNS.

D)Scientists are searching for genetic commonalities between various bat species to determine what causes WNS susceptibility or resistance.

正確選項(xiàng)：C

這個(gè)選項(xiàng)肯定了*，非盈利組織和市民合作在防止蝙蝠受到進(jìn)一步殺害方面起到的關(guān)鍵作用。這也和恩格斯所說的“歷史合力”是一個(gè)概念：要充分調(diào)動(dòng)包括社區(qū)、家庭、學(xué)校、公司、NGO組織等在內(nèi)的各種社會(huì)資源來形成蔚然成風(fēng)的合力。至于提及動(dòng)物的文本，基本上都會(huì)向考生傳遞保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物的正能量。

Narrative

Passage typeStyle

NarrativeMore casual in style, uses descriptive language, often in first person voice, can include dialogue or quotations

KH： Personal Anthropology

Ethnographers work anywhere from communities in *all villages to bustling cities, but their work is always the same: listening to someone else’s story. A subfield of anthropology, ethnography is the study of people and the cultures in which they live. While an objective approach to collecting and sharing information is traditionally encouraged, 3 anthropology professor Ruth Behar believes that integrating her personal experience into her work is not only inevitable but valuable. Doing so, Behar argues, allows readers to better connect with her work.

Which choice most effectively states the central idea developed throughout the passage?

A)NO CHANGE

B)some anthropologists believe that a level-headed, detached observation is the best way to approach ethnography.

C)some anthropologists believe that information about anthropological subjects should not be catalogued traditionally.

D)anthropology professor Ruth Behar believes in working directly with people when studying

正確選項(xiàng)：A

這里題提及的露絲·貝哈(Ruth Behar，1956— )，是猶太古巴裔美國作家，密歇根大學(xué)人類學(xué)系教授。露絲·貝哈的書，有一個(gè)共同的他點(diǎn)，就是會(huì)評(píng)估自身情感和經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)研究及寫作的影響。選項(xiàng)中提及將個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)融入作品中不僅是不可避免的，而且是大有價(jià)值的。這里傳遞出來的也是美國教育體系中知識(shí)和實(shí)踐(融合社會(huì)實(shí)踐和知情意行各個(gè)維度)。

這些文本，有的是美國最重要的歷史文獻(xiàn)，有的是人物傳記，有的是科學(xué)的普及文章。上承古希臘文明，下啟工業(yè)文明和信息文明，涵蓋極為廣博。這些文獻(xiàn)闡釋的公平、正義、平等、權(quán)利、自由、*、法治、尊嚴(yán)、幸福、信仰、道德等等，從不同的角度，*或定義的是美國文明的概念、程序、規(guī)則和本質(zhì)等，也是人類共有的精神養(yǎng)分，無論是對(duì)跨進(jìn)美國名校門檻，還是為人處事，都是不可或缺的。

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以上就是大學(xué)路小編給大家?guī)淼腟AT考試寫作主旨中的美式價(jià)值觀文法介紹，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助。